The Biomechanics Module aims to provide the students with fundamental knowledge about description and interpretation of biomechanical phenomena, with the aim to acquire ability to set and solve simple problems related to biological systems and tissues. Furthermore, the course introduces to fundamentals of materials and fluid properties, statics of structures, tissue mechanics and fluid motion.
The Thermodynamics module aims to provide the physical and engineering bases of energy transformation processes, a prerequisite for the design of biomedical devices.

The student:
• can solve simple static of structure problems;
• has knowledge of tissue mechanics (DD1);
• is able to recognize which tissue components influence the tissue behaviour;
• is able to calculate stress and strain in a tissue subjected to external loads (DD2);
• is able to calculate pressures and flows in a hydraulic systems representing biological fluids circulation (DD2,DD3);
• knows the principles of thermodynamics in the various formulations and shows that he has fully understood the logical and mathematical connections among the quantities that appear there.
• is able to describe both qualitatively and in mathematical form the principle of operation of the main components of biomedical devices;
• is able to describe both qualitatively and in mathematical form the basic aspects of heat transfer.
• Is able to calculate the properties of simple substances and mixtures using models of different complexity;is able to analyze thermodynamic systems and processes of medium complexity;

Biomechanics module
1. Biomechanics of solids:
Vectors, forces, momenta and torque: recall
Statics: theory
Application to body articulations
Structure and composition of tissues
Mechanical properties of materials: constitutive laws and mechanical tests
Tissue mechanics: theory
Applications
2. Biomechanics of fluids:
Statics
Viscosity
Fluid motion
Flow instability
Hemodynamics examples and applications
Blood rheology and microcirculation
Lymphatics

Thermodynamics Module
1. Basic concepts of thermodynamics
Systems and control volume
State and equilibrium
Energy and energy transfer: work and heat
The first principle of thermodynamics: internal energy.
Second principle of thermodynamics: entropy balance
Energy conversion efficiency
2. Properties of pure substances
Thermodynamic properties of Ideal gas
Thermodynamic properties of Ideal liquid and solid
Mixtures of gas and vapor (athmospheric air)
3. Systems analysis
Closed systems: energy and entropy balances
Control volume: mass, energy and entropy
Bernoulli and Energy equations
4. Mechanism of heat transfer
Conduction: steady state analysis
Natural and forces convection: Dimensionless analysis
Radiation heat transfer
Heat exchanger

• SDG3 - GOOD HEALTH AND WELLBEING
• SDG4 - QUALITY EDUCATION

The course requires the knowledge of the mathematical instruments developed in the course of Mathematics. He is also assumed to be acquainted with the Fundamentals of Experimental Physics and Chemistry and Organic Chemistry.

The exam will consist of a written test concerning the whole program (both open theory questions and numerical exercises). The students may take an optional oral exam, for written evaluations starting from 18/30 (maximum change ±3 points).